Definition. Tetanus is caused by tetanus toxin, produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. It triggers characteristic skeletal muscle rigidity and spasm, often accompanied by cardiovascular disturbance.
Which toxin causes muscle paralysis?
Botulinum toxins are one of the most lethal substances known. Botulinum toxins block nerve functions and can lead to respiratory and muscular paralysis. Human botulism may refer to foodborne botulism, infant botulism, wound botulism, and inhalation botulism or other types of intoxication.
Which clostridial agent releases a neurotoxin that causes rigid paralysis?
Clostridium botulinum is defined as a Clostridium which produces one or several neurotoxins inducing flaccid paralysis, termed botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT), which are responsible for a rare but often severe disease with a high lethality rate, the botulism.
Does botulinum toxin cause skeletal muscle paralysis?
Botulism is a paralyzing disease caused by the toxin of Clostridium botulinum. The toxin produces skeletal muscle paralysis by producing a presynaptic blockade to the release of acetylcholine. Recent studies have pinpointed the site of action of the several types of botulinum neurotoxin at the nerve terminal.
How does botulinum toxin cause paralysis?
Intramuscular administration of botulinum toxin acts at the neuromuscular junction to cause muscle paralysis by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine from presynaptic motor neurons.
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