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What is glycoalkaloid toxins?

【Expert answer】

Created: 2022-06-19 20:09:10

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Glycoalkaloids are a family of chemical compounds derived from alkaloids to which sugar groups are appended. Several are potentially toxic, most notably the poisons commonly found in the plant species Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet nightshade) and other plants in the genus Solanum, including potato.


How much glycoalkaloid is toxic?

The toxic dose (the dose at which symptoms of poisoning become apparent) for potato glycoalkaloids has been reported to fall between 2mg TGA per kg of body weight to 5mg/kg (Slanina 1990). The safest approach is to take the lowest number, 2 mg/kg.

What does solanine do to humans?

Solanine poisoning is primarily displayed by gastrointestinal and neurological disorders. Symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps, burning of the throat, cardiac dysrhythmia, nightmares, headache, dizziness, itching, eczema, thyroid problems, and inflammation and pain in the joints.

What do glycoalkaloids do to humans?

Glycoalkaloids poisoning can cause acute gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Based on the latest available knowledge, EFSA derived a lowest observed adverse effect level of 1 milligram per kilogram of body weight per day.

What is solanine toxin?

Solanine is a toxic glycoalkaloid known to accumulate under certain conditions in potato plant, sprouts and tuber in levels which, if ingested, may cause poisoning in humans and farm animals.

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