Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison created by various plants in the genus Solanum, such as the potato plant. When the plant's stem, tubers, or leaves are exposed to sunlight, it stimulates the biosynthesis of solanine and other glycoalkaloids as a defense mechanism so it is not eaten.
Are potatoes ever poisonous?
Not to worry though, fatal cases of solanine poisoning are very rare these days. Most commercial varieties of potatoes are screened for solanine, but any potato will build up the toxin to dangerous levels if exposed to light or stored improperly.
How green does a potato have to be to be poisonous?
Solanine is considered a neurotoxin, and ingestion by humans can cause nausea and headaches and can lead to serious neurological problems and even death if enough is consumed. A recent study suggested that a 16-oz (450-gram) fully green potato is enough to make a small adult ill.
Is potato poisonous when it is sprouted?
Although sprouts may look unappealing, recently sprouted potatoes are still safe to eat as long as you remove the sprouts. You can do so by simply snapping them off with your fingers. You shouldn't eat the sprouts because they contain solanine, chaconine, and other toxic glycoalkaloids.
Why are potato sprouts poisonous?
Dear Bob: Potato sprouts are considered toxic due to their potentially high concentration of glycoalkaloids, which can exert their toxic effects on the nervous system by interfering with the body's ability to regulate acetylcholine, a chemical responsible for conducting nerve impulses.
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