Flax seed contains the highest total phytoestrogen content followed by soy bean and tofu. Isoflavones are found in high concentration in soy bean and soy bean products (e.g., tofu), whereas lignans are mainly found in flax seed. The content varies in different foods with some foods having a stronger effect than others. 20 дек. 2007 г.
What is a rich source of phytoestrogens?
Phytoestrogens are present in many human foodstuffs including fruits (plum, pear, apple grape berries, …), vegetables (beans, sprouts, cabbage, spinach, soybeans, grains, hops, garlic, onion,…), wine, tea, and they have been identified in a number of botanical dietary supplements.
What vegetables are high in phytoestrogens?
Cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage are all cruciferous vegetables rich in phytoestrogens ( 31 ). Cauliflower and broccoli are rich in secoisolariciresinol, a type of lignan phytoestrogen ( 32 ).
Do phytoestrogens raise estrogen levels?
Numerous studies have reported that phytoestrogens—including isoflavones, flavonoids, and lignans—do not affect estrogen or progesterone concentrations in postmenopausal women [7,14,19,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95].
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